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1. Lightly-sweetened 轻微甜度
Cereal packages often contain the phrase “lightly sweetened” to suggest less sugar. The Food and Drug Administration has regulations concerning the use of “sugar free” and “no added sugars” but nothing governing the claims “low sugar” or “lightly sweetened.” “Whether Kellogg’s Frosted Mini-Wheats Bite Size is lightly sweetened should be determined by federal rules, not the marketing executives of a manufacturer,” says the C.S.P.I. report.
谷类产品的包装上常常有“微甜”的标签，让人感觉这个产品糖分较少。但是食品与药物管理局（FDA）规定使用的有关标签是“无糖”和“无添加糖”，而不是什么“低糖”或者“轻甜”。Kellogg牌的迷你口嚼麦片是不是轻甜该由联邦规则来定的，而不是生产商的营销人员。”
2. A good source of fiber 富含纤维
A number of food marketers now claim their products are a good source of fiber, but C.S.P.I. notes that often the fiber doesn’t come from traditional sources — whole grains, bean, vegetables or fruit — known to have health benefits. Instead, food makers are adding something called “isolated fibers” made from chicory root or purified powders of polydextrose and other substances that haven’t been shown to lower blood sugar or cholesterol.
现在很多食品经销商都称他们的产品富含纤维，但是CSPI写道，这些所谓的纤维常常不是从谷类，豆类，蔬菜或者水果等自然渠道获得的，而是一种叫做“独立纤维”的添加成分，通常是由菊苣根或者纯化的聚葡萄糖和其他物质粉末加工而成，而这些物质没有被证明可以降低血糖和胆固醇。
注：对人体有益的纤维是膳食纤维，主要来源是蔬菜和粗加工的谷物，因为具有网状结构和在肠道停留时间长而具有降糖降胆固醇的作用，是人类的第七大营养素。）
3. Strengthens your immune system 增强免疫力
Through “clever wordsmithing,” food companies can skirt F.D.A. rules about health claims and give consumers the impression that a product will ward off disease, notes the C.S.P.I. report. Ocean Spray Cranberry Juice claims to “strengthen your immune system with a daily dose of vitamin C.” Green Giant offers an “immunity blend” of frozen vegetables. Nestle’s Carnation Instant Breakfast says it contains “Antioxidants to help support the immune system.”
食品商巧妙地选用词语，不仅避免了违反FDA对于保健类标签的规定，而且还让消费者感觉该食品有保健作用，CSPI的报告中提到。
Ocean Spray牌的蔓越莓汁就号称“天天维c，健康身体。”
Green Giant牌称他们的冷冻蔬菜有着“多种免疫”功能。
雀巢公司的Carnation牌即食早餐声含“增强免疫的抗氧化剂”。
4. Made with real fruit 纯正水果加工
Often the “real fruit” is found in small quantities and isn’t even the same kind of fruit pictured on the package. Tropical fruit flavored Gerber Graduates Fruit Juice Treats show pictures of fresh oranges and pineapple. But the main ingredients are corn syrup, sugar and white grape juice concentrate. Betty Crocker’s Strawberry Splash Fruit Gushers don’t contain strawberries — just pear concentrate.
我们常常发现所谓的“纯正水果”在产品中的含量是很低的，甚至有时都不是包装图片上同一品种的水果。热带风味的Gerber牌学生果汁，在包装图片上采用了新鲜诱人的橙子和菠萝。但是主要成分却是玉米糖浆，糖和白葡萄浓缩汁。
Betty Crocker’s 牌的浓情草莓果糖其实不含草莓，只有梨浓缩汁。
5. Made with whole grains 全谷物
Many products make a whole grain claim even though they often contain refined flour as the first ingredient and the amount of whole grains are minimal. The C.S.P.I. reports that the package of Keebler’s Townhouse Bistro Multigrain Crackers boasts they are made with “toasted whole wheat,” but the ingredient label shows the crackers contain more sugar than whole wheat.
很多产品都声称是百分百谷物成分，可是主要成分却是精致面粉，而且谷物的含量还很低。CSPI的报告中提到Keebler Town House Bistro牌的多谷类饼干，广告上说产品完全由烤制小麦制造，成分表里却显示饼干里糖类比麦还多。
6. All natural 纯天然
Although the F.D.A. has issued several warning letters to firms making misleading “all natural” claims, the agency has never issued formal rules about the term, C.S.P.I. says. As a result, some products containing high fructose corn syrup claim to be “all natural.” One example is Minute Maid Premium All Natural Flavors Berry Punch. “Though glucose and fructose certainly occur in nature, the chemical conversions of cornstarch should not be considered natural,” writes C.S.P.I.
尽管FDA反复警告禁止使用误导性的“纯天然”标签，但是专业部门从来至今没有制定相关法律法规，CSPI说。导致有些含果葡糖浆的商品仍然打着纯天然的旗号。比如下图的纯天然浆汁。
“虽然葡萄糖和果糖确实存在于自然界，但是如果他们是由淀粉化学分解而成，这就不能被认为是纯天然。”CSIP写。
You can read more about label confusion on the WalletPop blog, or click here for a detailed summary of the C.S.P.I. report as well as a link to the full 158 page document.
你可以在the WalletPop blog 查看更多模糊的食品标签，也可以点击这里获得CSPI报告的摘要，或者全部158页的文件。
